How to start ANY English sentence-Types of subjects

As you all know, the smallest sentence in English contains at least a subject and a predicate.The predicate is always a verb but the subject can be a noun or a pronoun of differen types.

The position of the subject:

Many students do not know where to put the subject.Normally , we start the sentence with the subject:

Mary is eating an apple.

The adverbs of frequency normally come after the subject:

Mary always eats an apple in the evening.

and not:

*Always Mary eats an apple in the evening.

You can never start the sentence with: always,never,often,rarely:

*Never he comes to visit me.

However,we ca use them at the beginning if we use the imperative:

Never touch that!

Always listen to your parents!

Adverbs such as: sometimes,usually,regularly,generally , can be used before or after the subject.

I sometimes want to learn Chinese.

Sometimes I want to learn Chinese.

Adverbs such as however,nevertheless,though,although, are always placed at the beginning of the sentence.

Nevertheless,I want to have a chat with him.

Although he is a nice person,he sometimes tends to lie.

I created a list of all the possible nouns one can use in English:

Types of subjects:

Common nouns of any type:

Cats are nice

Women are beautiful.

The book is cheap

Proper names (which go in capital letter):

Argentina is a beautiful country.

Maria is a doctor.

Pronouns

Personal pronouns:

I am a teacher.

You are a student.

The it pronoun is a special case because it is used :

-in impersonal expressions such as:

It is a pity that you cannot come.

It is better to call your friends from time to time.

-impersonal verbs such as : rain,snow

It is raining

It is snowing

-weather expressions:

It is windy.

It is hot

It is warm

-it replacing a noun we already used:

-Did you eat the chocolate cake?

-Yes,it was really good.

Indefinite pronouns:

Somebody gave me once a very wise book.

Anyone can learn English

Nobody helps me clean the house.

Gerunds (verbs ending in -ing):

Learning English is easy.

Cooking is my hobby.

For the more advanced students the following strucutures might also represent

a cause of doubts and mistakes.

I refer to the subordinate clauses such as :

I want to tell you that my sister loves English

The 'that' sentence contains a subject (my sister) and a predicate (loves) just like any normal sentence.

Many students forget to put the subject in such constructions and the result is something like:

*I want to tell you that loves English

The rule is that any type of sentence needs a subject (of any type just like the ones above)

Other examples:

I am sure that dancing is fun.

My mom told me that someone will become my husband one day.

Doctors say that anyone can become fat with an unbalanced diet.

You must always remember that nobody is imortal.

-Do you like my new car?

I have to admit that it is gorgeous.

Relative clauses:

In this case pronouns such as who or which are subjects in the sentence they introduce:

I am talking to the girl who won the prize. (who= she won the prize)

That girl,who wears a blue dress, is my friend. (who=that girl wears a blue dress)

I love the movies which make me feel happy.(which=the movies make me happy)

The clothes which make me look good are expensive. (which=the clothes make me look good)

I want to know what you did with my book. -in this case what is not the subject ;The subject is you